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United States Marine Hospital of Louisville
The United States Marine Hospital in Louisville, Kentucky, in the Portland neighborhood was built in 1845, and is considered by the National Park Service to be the best remaining antebellum hospital in the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National Historic Landmarks Program (NHL) - United States Marine Hospital )〕 Of the seven hospitals built in the mid-19th century by the Marine Hospital Service "for the benefit of sick seamen, boatmen, and other navigators on the western rivers and lakes."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Past of Marine Hospital )〕 It is the only one still standing,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=chtky.org )〕 even after surviving two tornadoes. The building has been extensively restored to match its appearance in 1899.
==History==
The U.S. Marine Hospital opened in 1852. The patients at the Louisville Marine Hospital were usually victims of disease, temperature extremes, and mechanical deficiencies of the era's naval technology. During the American Civil War, along with Jefferson General Hospital, it formed the foundation of Louisville health care for wounded soldiers, both Union and captured Confederates. It is believed that a third of the total patients were black.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Past of Marine Hospital )〕 During World War I the hospital cared for many amputees injured in the war.〔 During the 1930s, it served as housing for nurses and doctors of nearby hospitals.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Outlook Improves for Louisville's U.S. Marine Hospital )〕 The hospital closed in 1933.
The city of Louisville purchased the building in 1950 for $25,000 and used it for a short time as a hospital for the chronically ill.
In the late 1950s, it housed medical residents working in the newer hospital directly behind it, which replaced the Marine Hospital and today is known as Family Health Center Portland. The building was vacant from 1976 until 2007. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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